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Explosive Strength Parameters of the Lower Limbs in Young Female Track and Field Athletes

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Explosive Strength Parameters of the Lower Limbs in Young Female Track and Field Athletes

Falat Leütterová, Daniela ; Sučka, Jaroslav

lower-limb explosive strength ; vertical jump ; plyometric training ; youth athletes ; strength training frequency ; female adolescents ; athletic performance

Physical Activity Review ; Vol. 14 ; Issue 2 ; pp. 10-23

Introduction. Monitoring and development of lower-limb explosive strength play a crucial role in youth athletic preparation and talent development. Vertical jump performance is widely used as a reliable indicator of explosive strength; however, data concerning differences between training modalities and training frequency in pre-adolescent female athletes remain limited. The aim of the study was to compare the level of lower-limb explosive strength among two groups of young female track-and-field athletes differing in strength training frequency and a non-athletic control group, using selected vertical jump tests. Methods. The research sample consisted of 92 girls (mean age: 12.1 ± 0.7 years), all classified as pre–peak height velocity individuals. Participants were divided into three groups: athletes performing strength training once per week (G1, n = 20), athletes performing strength training twice per week supplemented with basic weightlifting exercises (G2, n = 38), and a non-athletic control group (G3, n = 34). Lower-limb explosive strength was assessed using the countermovement jump (CMJ), countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJ FA), and squat jump (SJ) measured by a Chronojump system. One-way ANOVA, Tukey’s post hoc test, and ANCOVA with body height as a covariate were applied. Results. Statistically significant differences between groups were observed in all vertical jump tests (p < 0.05). The athletic groups achieved higher jump heights than the control group, with G2 demonstrating the highest performance across all tests. The largest practical differences were identified in the CMJ FA test. Group membership explained a substantially greater proportion of performance variance than body height, which showed only a limited predictive contribution. ANCOVA confirmed significant between-group effects after controlling for body height. Conclusions. The findings indicate that systematic power-oriented strength training positively influences lower-limb explosive strength in young female athletes. Increasing strength training frequency to two sessions per week, particularly when supplemented with basic weightlifting exercises, appears to provide additional performance benefits. These results support the inclusion of structured and progressive strength training programmes in youth athletics and physical education.

Place of publishing:

Częstochowa

Projack

2026

czasopismo elektroniczne

application/pdf

e-ISSN 2300-5076 ; oai:dlibra.bg.ajd.czest.pl:8535

10.16926/par.2026.14.17 ; click here to follow the link

eng

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Uniwersytet Jana Długosza w Częstochowie

Location of original object:

Biblioteka Uniwersytecka Uniwersytetu Jana Długosza w Częstochowie