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[Abstract = %22Creation of the Czecho-Slovak Republic after the WWI%2C in 1918%2C was a milestone also in the development of physical education and sport in Slovakia. New Czecho-Slovak government tried%2C within the new constitutional conditions%2C to enforce the Czechoslovak character of the state and to withhold the Hungarian influence in individual towns. Following its multi-national%2C multi-cultural and multi-confessional history%2C Slovakia had to get over long-time Hungarian wrongdoing and Hungarization also in the area of sport. Before 1918%2C the Hungarian and partially also German sport clubs prevailed and any efforts to establish Slovak sport clubs were more platonic than realistic. However%2C the conditions and circumstances changed and were adapted to the new state layout after 1918. Because of the tense military-political situation at the Czech borders and in Slovakia during 1918%E2%80%931920%2C arrival of the Czech and also German sport organizations was postponed until 1921. The Sokol %28Falcon%29 organization started to organize its advertising tours in Slovakia in 1921. Similarly%2C the German organizations DTV came to Bratislava in 1921 and to Spi%C5%A1 in 1922. In 1920%2C the Sokol organization had 93 units with 18 494 members%2C the RTJ organization had 31 units with 4139 members and the Orol %28Eagle%29 organization had 149 units with 15 772 members. Nationally conscious members of Slovak intelligence were entering the Sokol organization independently of their party membership or political orientation. Bratislava was a typical example of such attitude. The long-time rival of the %28originally Czech%29 Sokol organization was the Orol organization%2C which formally belonged to the Czecho-Slovak Orol but had also an autonomous management in Slovakia. Physical education in the Orol was only secondary%2C because the organization was mostly religiously focussed. All relevant national physical education%2C sport%2C scout or touristic organizations gradually established themselves. Particularly the physical education organizations were ideologically closely connected with political parties. Football%2C volleyball%2C basketball%2C tennis%2C swimming%2C wrestling%2C box and table tennis became the most popular sports during 1918%E2%80%931924. However%2C Slovakia lagged behind when talking about the material and technical equipment%2C swimming pools or gyms. Czech sport enthusiasts%2C who originally came during 1918%E2%80%931920 to protect the new republic%2C often helped with the development and management of the sport clubs as well.%22]